The Constitutional Right Of The Second Amendment - 1714 Words

In recent years, there have been many stories of shootings taken place across various parts of the United States, all of which bring up the highly volatile topic of gun control. Unlike many other wealthy countries, such as the United Kingdom, Japan, Canada, and Australia, where gun ownership is strictly regulated, by in large-the US has very little universal gun control laws throughout the nation. This great controversy is based on the Constitutional right of the Second Amendment, stating, â€Å"A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.† Though this is a Constitutional right, unlike many other Amendments, understanding they were written in†¦show more content†¦A poll conducted by the Washington Post found that â€Å"One in five gun owners say they ve called, written or emailed a public official to express their views on the gun issue. Just one in 10 of those in households without a gun say the same†¦19 percent of gun owners say they ve given money while just 4 percent in non-gun households say the same.† This means that though there are fewer who support gun rights, they are more active and enthusiastic in showing and supporting their beliefs than those who support gun control, which equates into politicians having to appeal more to those who support gun rights, and so not passing stronger gun control laws, than appealing to those who support gun control. Mass media also comes into play affecting public interest, and support, by its reporting, or lack thereof, of the progress, or lack of progress, of the passing of gun control laws. After any major gun related tragedy takes place, media coverage of that tragedy and the lack of gun control laws that could have possibly prevented or lessened the extent of that tragedy, spikes, which in turn, spikes public concern and support for gun control. As the media begins to cover other topics and lessens its coverage of gun control related stories, public concern turns to whatever it is the media is covering. This lack

Case Analysis Free Essays

string(64) " F W Taylor is the founder of scientific management techniques\." Case Study on W L Gore limited Shahzad Mukhtiar 1. Introduction THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS CASE STUDY IS TO UNDERSTAND W L GORE ASSOCIATES. THE MAIN TASKS OF THE ASSIGNMENT ARE: FIRSTLY, IDENTIFY THE MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP STYLES OF COMPANY AND FIND THE IMPACT OF THESE STYLES ON COMPANY’S STRATEGIC DECISIONS. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now SECONDLY, FIND THE CONNECTION BETWEEN SELECTED STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP THEORIES AND DESCRIBE THE IMPACT OF THESE THEORIES ON ORGANISATIONAL AND LEADERSHIP STRATEGY. THIRDLY, USE PROPER TECHNIQUES TO RE- EXAMINE COMPANY’S LEADERSHIP REQUIREMENTS AND FINALLY THE AIM IS TO PRODUCE A LEADERSHIP SKILLS PLAN FOR W L GORE’S FUTURE REQUIREMENTS. W L GORE AND ASSOCIATES IS A LEADING MANUFACTURER OF THOUSANDS OF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCTS FOR THE ELECTRONICS, FABRICS, INDUSTRIAL AND MEDICAL MARKETS. W L GORE ASSOCIATES FOUNDED IN 1958 BY WILBERT L GORE AND IT IS A PRIVATE COMPANY HEADQUARTER IN NEWARK, DELAWARE, USA. W L GORE  Ã‚  IS MULTI-NATIONAL COMPANY LOCATED IN 30 COUNTRIES ,MANUFACTURING FACILITIES  Ã‚  IN USA, GERMANY, SCOTLAND, JAPAN ,CHINA AND SALES OFFICES AROUND THE WORLD. THERE ARE 9,000 EMPLOYEES IN W L GORE KNOWN AS ASSOCIATES AND ITS ANNUAL SALES ARE $2. 5 BILLION. (GORE I, 2011) 2. Leadership and management â€Å"Leadership is more ability than job. Moreover, it is all about determination, ability to solve problems, set direction for followers, gather them for common purpose and motivating people to achieve tasks. Furthermore, it is a charisma and the ability to reacting at the right time for a particular competitive situation† (L. Mullins, 2010, P372). â€Å"Management is active, not theoretical. It is about changing behaviour and making things happen. It is about developing people, working with them, effort to achieve objective and goals. †(L. Mullins, 2010. P, 425) 3. Leadership and management styles is used by W L Gore The democratic style of the leadership where power is shared among sub ordinates. In this style everyone have right to share their views and opinions. Democratic organisation where the leadership fornications are shared with the member of groups and mostly the manger is the part of team. The group members have right of participation in decision-making, determination of policy, implementation of system and procedure. In such system power, influence and responsibilities are shared between members and leaders. (L,  Mullins, 2010. P, 381) Laissez-faire is the style of leadership and management where employees are free to do work. In laissez faire style employees have more power, authority and influence in organisation about their tasks. Moreover, leaders are totally trusts on their employees to perform their tasks themselves. This kind of style suits such organisations where employees are skilful, innovative and creative. Furthermore, this style is successful where employees show responsibility and loyalty with organisations. Managementstudyguide i. 2011) 3. 1  Ã‚  Democratic style of W L Gore W L Gore’s leadership style is democratic . In W L Gore leaders are not appointed from above and he/she emerges from team members. The associates who elect leaders and those leaders come on the bases of experience, knowledge and talents. Moreover, In W L Gore the leader’s job is not to make a n individual decision and associates also participate in decision making . In W L Gore the power, influence and responsibilities are shared between associates and leaders. In  Ã‚  W L Gore the organisation have many teams and every team have leader who always make plan with the help of associates and if associates are not agree with situation then leaders can not pass and implement a particular decision or project. According to CEO Terri Kelly, in W L Gore leaders have followers who give them support and power of decision making. In W L Gore leaders come from associates, who support them in decision making, give then authority of leading and sharing views which totally show the democratic style in company. W  Ã‚  L Gore is more democratic in term of leadership and less in management (management exchange i, 2011) 3. 2  laissez faire style of W L Gore W. L Gore and associates where no managers, no job titles, no hierarchy, and no reporting rules. Associates work in teams, they are free to do work individually and they are responsible to fulfil their tasks. Moreover, In W L Gore employees are innovative and leaders allow them to do their work freely. According to W. L Gore CEO Terri Kelly, associates are owners in the company; they are self-committed about their work. In W L gore each person has more power to decide what they want to work and where he/she can make contribution for company. Furthermore, associates have freedom to decide about their tasks and commitment to deliver  Ã‚  Ã‚  promises. Such powers in W L gore show, freedom and innovation about individual’s work. W L Gore associate adopted this style more in management than leadership in company. (Management exchange i, 2011) 3. 3  Impact of Leadership and management  Ã‚  styles had on W L Gore strategic decisions W L Gore associates follow democratic and laissez-faire styles of leadership and management. These styles have positive impact on company’s strategic decisions. Strategic decisions are long term decisions; it’s about company’s growth, vision, mission and future planning. In W L gore where top level management and leadership make decisions. Moreover, the support of associates makes decision simple and there are fewer chances of conflicts in company. The impacts of these styles are clearly positive when we examine company’s progress, its annual sale growth is continually increasing since 1958, and they are launching new systems, developing new products and expanding business worldwide. gore I,2011). Furthermore, these styles impact are more clear in their HR strategy when they select innovate people for work who gives them results in term of success. Thus W L Gore is successful with democratic and laissez-faire styles in term of strategic decisions because when strategic management and leadership make strategy about company’s vision, mission and future goals. 4. Strategic management and leadership theories Henri Fayol wrote five function of management. He believes that organisation should make planning, organising, commanding, co-ordaining and controlling to run organisation. Economist i, 2011) F W Taylor is the founder of scientific management techniques. You read "Case Analysis" in category "Papers" He believes that management can improve if we increase productivity, analysis of the task is best method to do work, he believes on scientific method to do work, motivation and employees training are important according to F W Taylor. (L, Mullins, 2010. P, 45) Peter Drucker believes on Management by Objective. He considers that management should set objectives, organising tasks, motivate employees to do work and train them to achieve success and organisation goals. 1000ventures i, 2011) 1. 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Link between selected strategic management and leadership theories 1. Link organising vs. organising t he work by Henri fayol and Peter drucker. According to Fayol, organisation should provide the resources for day to day running the business in organisation. Moreover, its organisation responsibility to organise capital, personnel and raw materials for daily work and build structure for employees. (Economist i, 2011)On the other hand, Peter Drucker in his five processes also about organising the work. According to Drucker, it is important that management should plan about work. There are many organisations which are organising tasks before starting the business i. e. construction companies is the best example for organising tasks. Link 2: Employees training F W Taylor in his four objectives of scientific management 1881 writes about employees  Ã‚  Ã‚  professional tainting and he suggests training methods for employees to achieve their organisational goals. While Peter Drucker in his five management process also suggest employees training and he refers coaching method for employees in organisations. Job rotation, coaching mentoring and formal training are the best method which different organisations are using to train their employees . i. e. banks, financial and business organisation etc. (L, Mullins, 2010. P, 45) Link 3: Motivation F W Taylor and Peter Drucker both are agree about motivation in organisation. Because they believe motivation can impact on progress. Leaders and mangers can motivate their sub ordinates to do work and achieve tasks successfully. Taylor believed in economic needs of motivation and he thinks that high wages can increase productivity in company. L, Mullins, 2010. P, 45) 1. 1. 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Link between leadership theories Link 1: Continuum Authoritarian/Democratic Task/Relationship (TS 1973) VROOM and YETTON contingency model The common things are quality of decisions, range of decisions in term of authoritarian, democratic styles. VROOM and YETTON contingency model also tell almost same. In authoritarian style leaders make decision themse lves or just get some information but they do not give right of decision to others. In democratic or consultative style leaders offer sub-ordinates in decision making but make decision themselves. L, Mullins, 2010. P, 381) According to VROOM and YETTON, there are five main management leadership styles. In A. I leaders try to solve problems and make decision according to their knowledge and information. In A. II leaders obtain information to their sub-ordinates but make decision themselves. In consultative decision style leaders shares problems with  Ã‚  Ã‚  individuals and sometimes groups. However, leaders make decision that may or may not reflect the influence of subordinates. Moreover, in group decision making the problem is shard with subordinates as group. L, Mullins, 2010. P, 386 Link 2: Traits Vs Style The traits theories suggest that the organisations attention should be focus on the selection of leaders rather than to train leaders. While according to Blake Mouton 1991). Organisation concerns should be select right people for work. In leadership theories the first approach of traits concern about the characteristics of leadership. Leaders are born not made so organisation focus should be on the selection of leaders rather than train leaders. Leadership consists of certain inherited characteristics or personality traits. Style of the leadership is the way in which the function of leadership carried out and the behaviour adopted by managers towards subordinates staff. (L, Mullins, 2010. P, 376). These style also concern right people for specific tasks. Once traits approaches are favour by born leaders on the other hand. Styles theories also favour about people who have ability to complete management task with out training. According to styles theories, organisation should select those people who deliver job and lead people. 1.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Impact of strategic management and leadership theories have on organisation strategy Different management theories show some common point which should show some positive impacts for organisations in term of strategies. When organisation organise tasks for people, motivate them for tasks in term of increase wages and decisions. Moreover, organisation trains employees to achieve goals for the success of organisations. Leadership and manageme nt theories impact positively on organisational strategies and these style and theories are related to organisation’s development, performance and motivation. Leadership style and theories directly affect organisational strategies and activities. Different organisations adopt different leadership style and theories according to the nature of organisation. Organisations use these style and theories on different leadership stages i. e. Strategic leadership, operational leadership and team leadership. Theories guide organisation to use different techniques in different situation. Leadership and management theories give direction to organisation to use them in strategic, organisational, operational decision making process. Moreover, strategic leadership can use these style and theories in organisations for different tasks, it does not matter that the tasks are simple, complex or top level in organisation. 5. Utilise appropriate techniques to review leadership requirement of W L Gore †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Investigate the internal environment Business cycle There are seven stages of business cycles namely; seed stage, start-up stage, growth stages, established stage, expansion stage, mature stage and exit stage. These stages show where the organisation is in term of its business life, opportunities, sale growth, market share, and revenue. W L Gore has completed its 50 years. Now this company is on expansion stage because it is a multinational company which setup its business in 30 countries of the world. In term of sale growth and revenue W L Gore sales were $2 billion and $ 2. 5bilion in 2008 and 2010 respectively. (Gore i, 2011). Moreover, W L gore’s sales and revenues are rising and its products and services are becoming demandable in market. As W L gore expanding its business worldwide and lunching new product because they are fully established and now looking to expand their products. Stage of organisation development There are six stages of organisational development namely; continuum, incremental, step-change, flux, liquidation and transformational. W L Gore as company on incremental stage of development because company is expanding world wide and its last year sales is 2. 5 billion which was $2 Billion in 2007(Gore i. 2011). When we talk about its associates they are 900 and company is not reducing associates in company. When we talk about new technologies in W L Gore they are lunching new system of information and technology in their organisation world wide . i. e. in last decade W L gore introduce. Neural Intervention technologies and the clot-clearing technology of Selva Medical, Inc, medical components and devices, Bio absorbable Staple Line Reinforcement Material, Gore snapshot shield, antistatic Fabric Technology and many products and systems. In organisation development the role of HR is very important and W L Gore use best recourses for hire new talents and after hiring they provide best resources of training. W  Ã‚  L Gore as a best technological company use Associate networks, recruiting strategy, diversity awareness training and diversity and work/life benefits. Furthermore L Gore still wants to improve its growth, to expand business, use technology, RH resources to achieve organizational goals. (Gore i, 2011) †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Investigate the external environment STEEPLE STEEPLE stands for social, technological, economic, environmental, political, legal and ethical. These are factors which companies consider to start new business. Organisational performance and effectiveness can also depend on the external environment. W L Gore is a multinational technological company . It has offices in 30 countries of the world. As multinational company W L gore review STEEPLE in organisation. W L Gore is a well reputed multinational company which follow all legal and international trade regulation. Technology has huge impact on W L gore because company’s focus to develop technology, speed to transfer and use IT, internet to communicate others and do research in IT field. Moreover, W L Gore review economic policy and business stage of company. Furthermore, STEEPLE Analysis which W L gore use to develop it business worldwide helpful in term of expending business in new place. (Gore i. 2011) †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gap Analysis â€Å"Gap analysis involves an investigation of the gap between the vision, objectives and goals of the organisation and actual level of performance, and establishing the actions necessary to bring activities in line with that which is planned. † (Mullins, L, 2010. P, 795). Gap analysis is a technique which is use for the measurement of the organisation current performance, strategies and what organisation required in future. Currently, W L gore is establish company, its sales are $2. 5billion, they are manufacturing products in 12 different areas and Industry of different product are also expanding. Moreover , W L gore  Ã‚  manufacturing product in  aerospace,  automotive, chemical,computing, telecom, and test measurement energy,  environment industrial manufacturing,medical,  military,  pharmaceutical biotechnology, semiconductor sectors. (Gore I,2011) W L Gore is seeking innovative professional for future development. 5.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  leadership competencies and skills are most suitable for W L Gore following your investigation Leadership competencies and skills are most suitable for W L Gore * Leadership teamwork abilities: this is most suitable competence for W L gore and associates because in innovative and democratic style where teams work under leaders. Leader should have ability to sets direction and initiates action for teams. They know how to plans and organise things. Moreover, they know how to delegates responsibilities. In W L gore leadership and teamwork abilities are essential in term of organisational success and to achieve goals. Decision making abilities: W L Gore where everyone have right to share their ideas and associates participate in decision, but the leader is person who have authority to make decision. Because in W L gore culture follower give leaders power to make decisions so leader should have abilities to analyses problems, think critically and have ability to generate solution of problems. W  Ã‚  L Gore leadership have strong abilities of decision making. * Communication abilities: In W L gore there is direct communication between leaders and associates. This is good because lack of communication can create problems for company’s success . W L Gore is big organisation and company can not afford communication barrier. Communication abilities of leaders such as leading associates, group communication, upward and downward is always suitable W L gore for its business growth. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What are the core competences you are looking for? W L gore is established company and their leaders and associates are skilful innovative professional fields. There are core competences which I am looking for W L gore. These are communication abilities, leadership and teamwork abilities, Decision making abilities  knowledge, initiative and will power. These are core competence  Ã‚  which are  Ã‚  important for  Ã‚  W L gore organisation because leaders are the main part in W L gore who lead teams, make plans, set goals and objectives for company. Utilise Adair leadership competencies Adair’s five leadership competencies about leadership. * Leadership teamwork abilities * Decision making abilities * Communication abilities * Self management abilities * Personal qualities According to Adair, â€Å"leadership should have following professional competencies to lead organisation. These are competencies which good leaders should adopt in term to control teams, to make decisions and communicate with associates and employees. Furthermore, leaders self management abilities and personal qualities of leader are essential for leadership in organisation†. (Adair, J, 2005. P, 97) †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What personal competencies are you looking for? * Personality character: leaders are role model for their employees in organizations. Their personalities and impression can create influence on employees. *   Courage: Good leader always courage their employees. In W L gore leaders encouragement for employees is one of the major aspect of company success which remain essential in future. * Will power. Will power is a personal competence of the leader. It is an inner strength of person which capable his/her make decision and control the situation. In W L Gore where teams work under leaders, sometimes in complex situation leaders need to make some decisions themselves. * Knowledge: the leadership knowledge about different techniques is very important in organization. Moreover, leadership knowledge about internal, external environment for company is important. Leaders should be knowledge about company’s future planning for company and also knowledge how to deal with other companies. Furthermore, Future leader need different knowledge in W L gore. * Leadership development strategy Adair identify seven principles of leadership development strategy. 1. Development strategy for leadership for three levels of leadership; operational, strategy and team. 2. Selection of those professionals who have abilities to lead organisation in future. 3. Design course and training: define course and method of training  Ã‚  according to the business  Ã‚  requirements 4. Plan career: Plan career for professional through giving them right job at the right time because professional or leaders can only emerge through leading practice. 5. Use line managers as mentors for new individuals, because their knowledge will be a helpful for leadership. 6. Create cooperate culture because such environment helpful for self development in leadership for new leaders. 7. Top leadership interaction with growing leaders.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Required leadership skills or competencies: W L Gore required following leadership skills and competencies in future. However, some leadership skills or competencies are same but in future new leaders need to improve and manage some skills for success of business and to achieve goals. In W L gore new leadership required following skills and competencies * Leadership teamwork abilities * Decision making abilities * Communication abilities * Self management abilities * Personal qualities * Command and control ability  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Personal skills * Will power *   knowledge *   Initiative * Trust The suitable Leadership Training and Development Methods: * Formal education * Formal training * Mentoring A formal education program is the process of training and developing people in knowledge, skills, mind, and character in a structured and certified program. (Sil i. 2011)Formal education is classroom-based, provided by trained teachers in schools, colleges and universities. There are different types of courses in formal education. Moreover degree level course and also specific specialize courses also offer by institutions for professionals. Leaders do not need education and training but every leader is not born leader so, I think formal education is important for everyone. Advantages Firstly, Formal education is best source of gaining knowledge through lectures, tasks and exams. Secondly, most effective way of learning. Thirdly, it can develop self confidence in term of communication. Disadvantages Formal education is expensive in term of cost and also time consuming because the length of professional courses are six months to one year. Moreover there is a big risk for job oriented people. They can lose their jobs if they start formal education in institutions. Formal training: formal training is the best method for new professionals who just completed their professional education and enter in professional fields. Formal training is goal orientated. It is based on specific programs according to professional needs and requirements. Formal training is useful for leaders to learn new methods practically and apply them on work. Advantages * Self confidence on job * Improve job performance * Valuable for employees * Professional development * Result oriented Disadvantages * Time consuming * High Cost * Job lose risk * Mentoring A Mentoring is method which one expert, knowledge and skilful person use to guide  Ã‚  Ã‚  and train professionals. It is a supportive and challenging relational ship in which the mentor offers advice, guidance and support to professionals. The mentors are expert in area of leadership or in management within organisation. (Admin i, 2011) Mentoring is a very essential for professional because they can learn and develop different techniques which can help them in their professional fields. Moreover, mentoring is about motivating and encouraging professionals to identify their problems, goals and help them to find the solution of their problems. Furthermore, the aim of mentor to focus on individual’s to build his/her capabilities, help his/her to discover wisdom and work with learner’s own goals. Advantages Firstly, Professional can improve their weakness and develop career. Secondly, mentors experience and techniques can influence on professional which can change professional’s outlook positively. Thirdly, professional can improve self-confidence and use his/her skills in organisation. Finally, mentoring can produce productivity and positive results in organisation. Disadvantages: The main disadvantage is time to complete the mentoring process and such training required planning, communication and feedback. Secondly, it is not formal training than formal education and formal training moreover mentor just delivers his/her knowledge and experience to professionals. Thirdly, mentor’s techniques may be not useful in future for professionals in organisation Monitoring Leadership Strategy The most appropriate methods of monitoring leadership strategy are: Organisation should make a committee about training courses which can monitor both trainee and trainer whether they are doing their job honestly or not. Moreover, committee should monitor those resources which organisation provide for training courses. Attendance: Attendance is the best method to monitor learner weather he/she is coming to attend course or not. Exams: exam is procedure to check performance of candidate’s . xam can be in written form or it can be a presentation Interview: it is technique which can be use to check learner creditability. Questionnaires: different questions can be asked to candidates about  Ã‚  their course. 6  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Conclusion In conclusion W L Gore Adopt democratic and laissez-faire styles in leadership and management. These styles have positive effect on company’s strategic decisions. Moreover, different management and leadership theories are also use in W L Gore. Company’s leadership have different professional and personal which is essential for company to achieve its organisational goals. How to cite Case Analysis, Papers Case Analysis Free Essays Organizations that remain stagnant In their strategy eventually become so salary to their competitors that the only differentiating characteristic between them is price; this hometown, according to Cummings and Gnawing transforms these companies into â€Å"lemmings† that blindly follow their peers without unleashing their full potential. An organization can set itself apart and create new paths for itself by changing its strategy to meet the new environment, a change Into what the authors call the Annual chimera† or PVC. In mythology, a chimera Is a multi-headed, different-faced creature with different body parts. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The idea behind the chimera analogy is clear: organizations can differentiate themselves by adapting to the changing environment, hangs brought about by technology and increasing globalization. Most companies want to â€Å"differentiate themselves by developing a unique network of psychological characteristics and associations that separate them from others. There is a clash between the old school management theories and the PVC: where the previous theories focused on cost reduction and efficient production, the PVC focuses on differentiation and customization. The clash emerges because the focus of these two ideas necessarily contradicts the other, as in how can you reduce cost but still customize your product? The PVC Is consistent with the resource-based model since It views organizations â€Å"In terms of their distinctive constellations of tangible and Intangible resources, the sum of whose parts create unique and often Inimitable capableness. The value chain analysis, accord ing to the PVC, is not the preferred method of viewing strategy; instead, strategy should be a mixture of resources and value to create a hybrid organization that is both agile and also maintains its ability to produce what its customers want. 4. Dell faces Increased competition from Its rivals such as HP, Acre, Apple, and Leno and must stay agile to keep its market share. All of them segment their customers effectively and then set their strategies to focus on each segment. Dell has four market segments that it has identified: home users, large enterprise customers, small/medium businesses, and the public sector. Dell’s strategy is to maintain its focus on each of these segments to provide better customer service to malting loyalty. Acre group’s strategy Is to acquire other competing brands and en to tailor tense Dramas to meet tenet segments needs. Acres strategy Is salary to Dell’s, however Acre does not possess the knowledge that Dell has gained in-house to successfully focus its strengths into different brands for different segments. HP also segments is markets, however it started out by focusing on printing and imaging and not personal computers. HP also focuses its strategy on the services-side of computing, a segment that Dell does not compete in directly. HP seems to be focusing its PC sales on new, fancy-looking computers rather than setting itself apart eased on its customer service or services business. Apple, on the other hand, does not segment its market in the same way that Dell, HP, and Acre segment their markets. Apple’s market is a niche computing market that serves the â€Å"high-end† computer user. Dell does not need to directly compete with Apple since Apple-loyalty is based on the niche, and not based on the quality of service or quality of product like Dell’s loyalty is based. Leno started out late in the game and purchased Vim’s personal computer division and is the largest producer in Asia. Leno focuses, like HP, on the services-side of computing, a segment that Dell does not compete in yet. Dell also offers adjacent products like televisions and entertainment products, segments that Leno does not offer. Dell should compete with Leno only in Asia and the Middle Eastern markets in the future. Based on the previous analysis, Dell should continue to focus its strategy on its current market segments and not venture into new territory such as services and other management tools. While Dell might consider Asia as its next frontier, there are many issues with facing Leno on its own ruff, as well as new entrants to the market as developing countries like India begin their own computer producing companies. I would recommend that Dell maintain its focus on Asia and keep its strategy limited to offering quality customer service and affordable, customizable personal computers in the U. S. 2. We must classify environments because firms can control certain aspects of it, and cannot control other aspects of it. General environment segments directly influence an industry and include segments such as political, demographic, and coloratura. Firms cannot control the general environment segments, however these segments directly influence the strategies these firms will choose. On the other hand, industry environment factors directly influence a firm and its strategic choices: the power of suppliers, threat of new entrants, and the intensity of rivalry among competitors. Successful firms gather all the necessary information on the external environment and then also gather intelligence on their competitors in the industry to properly form their strategy. Five important factors in the general environment include anemographic, technological, coloratura, global, and legal segments. The demographic segment considers that age and population of the market as well as the income of customers; technology considerations include advances in communication and product innovation; coloratura segment analysis includes workforce diversity, shifts in product characteristic preferences, and shifts in work/career preferences; the global segment considers emerging new markets and different cultural attributes; finally, the legal segment considers laws and regulations that may affect strategic decisions. How to cite Case Analysis, Papers

Heavy Rain free essay sample

Trying to rescue your own son from a serial killer by completing a set of painful, heart-wrenching trials, Heavy Rain was one of the most touching and depressing (and one of the greatest) video games I have ever played showing the true nature and consequences of people’s morality when their human reasoning is put to the test. Human reason generally refers to the human beings capacity to use logic and make judgments related to knowledge and, depending on who you read, ethics. (Yahooansweres). In Heavy Rain, you play as Ethan Mars, a man suffering depression when one of his sons is hit and killed by a car. This leads him to try to win the affection of his now only son Shaun who is slowly growing distant from him. When his son is kidnapped by the famous Origami Killer, he is forced to go through five trials if he wants to obtain clues to where the killer and his son might be; he needs to drive at high speeds for 5 miles in a busy city without stopping, crawl through a small tunnel of broken glass, cut off one of his fingers, drink poison†¦ and to kill a drug dealer. I want to address three points in this essay, one what Ethan’s reasoning were when attempting these trials, two, the justifications and consequences of his actions and three, how human reasoning inform the ideas of this game and why that makes this game so great. Self-mutilation, putting people in danger and murdering is all viewed on as something wrong in society; Ethan obviously is aware of it too but his devote love to his son causes his determination. When completely the tasks self mutilation, mentally and morally these tasks were the â€Å"easiest†. Ethan thinks â€Å"I would never do anything to harm or hurt myself, but I can lose a finger for my son†. He has two choices, don’t harm himself and let his son die or harm himself and save his son. Then comes driving at high speeds through a busy city without obeying the laws of traffic; not only does Ethan put himself in danger, but many others as well. Does he choose to rely on his driving skills and eventually drive the five miles or can he choose to back out? Choosing whether or not to kill the drug dealer must have been the hardest for Ethan; when the drug dealer begs for his life and shows him a picture of his two daughters Ethan must contemplate whether he really should kill this man. â€Å"Maybe there are other options. Maybe he’s lying. The man’s a scumbag who sells dope to kids does he really deserve to live? How can I play God and take away the life of another? So again he’s left with the two choices of letting his son die or live? are just some of the many thoughts that rush into Ethan’s head as he contemplates the choice he is about to make. Then we come to the final trial where Ethan needs to drink poison. By drinking it Ethan will only have an hour to live and attempt to save his son with the clues he has. Morally, Ethan already knows that the right thing to do is to drink the poison†¦ but he contemplates whether he’ll have enough time and again contemplating that maybe there might be ot her options? So are Ethan’s action justified? By completing these trials Ethan saves his son and brings a serial killer to justice. At the same time he harms himself, other people and kills man. Harming himself for his son, we can see that the human reasoning of Ethan is logical here and shouldn’t be disputable. Then comes the driving, he’s putting many people’s live in danger, so now Ethan’s reasoning and morality is challenged. Is it really worth it? It’s his son, he shouldn’t’ back out and leave his son to die and a killer to go free†¦ right? But what about the innocent lives he might be taking? Then again†¦ cops get in high speed chases to catch the bad guys all the time right? If he decides to complete his task†¦ is his reasoning overall logical? Legally, no. Morally, most likely not, but in the ends justify the means and what needs to be is done. Now, what about choosing whether or not to kill the drug dealer; he’s a father just like him dealing with problems. Legally, we can already see that if Ethan chooses to kill him he has broken the law and morally this is wrong too. But then again the ends justify the means and just like Hiroshima, it may not have been the moral thing to do†¦ but it needed to be done. Heavy Rain isn’t just another videogame; it’s a videogame with a story to tell, a message to send. Influenced by the power of human reasoning, Quantic Dream (the developers of Heavy Rain) wanted to emphasize the importance of reasoning and how it comes to play when your morals are challenged, and Heavy Rain does a good job at sending their message; making decisions in the game that determine the final outcome aren’t easy. Unlike games like Call of Duty and Red Dead Redemption where you’re killing enemies off left and right without a second thought, in Heavy Rain, the aesthetics and feel of the game are made to try to be realistic and mirror the realities of life. Because of that, making some decisions in the game really got me sitting on the couch with a Play Station controller in my hands asking myself â€Å"What would I do? I completed all 5 trials excepting murdering the drug dealer (haha, it was just too hard for me) and instead had to fit my clues together and try to guess where the killer was (and yeah, eventually I beat it without having to do anything in the game against my morals; and yes the happy ending made up for all the depressing events I had to go through). Yeah, I tried to tell myself that â€Å"it’s just a video game and now of this is true† but after really getting into the game’s story, it didn’t really help, my own morals were tested against me; just how this game intended it to be. In a world where life can be brutal and your morals are constantly being tested, Heavy Rain isn’t just another videogame, it’s a beautifully told story putting you in the shoes of Ethan, forcing you to make the decisions that eventually determine the outcome in the end. After finishing the game you’ll wonder â€Å"how far will I go to achieve something I desperately want? † And when your back in reality, when your morals really are tested†¦ how will you reason and contemplate the situation?

The Impact of Music free essay sample

The act of participating in music has almost completely dissolved. Although some people listen to music while sitting behind the steering wheel of their vehicle, they are hardly interacting with music as it was originally intended. Martin Luther wrote some of the first Protestant hymn books so congregations would not simply plop into a pew and listen to monks sing ancient spiritual chants. He felt that the individual would have a deeper experience, physically and spiritually, if they participated in the singing themselves. Although this belief was viewed as sacrilegious during that time, t is a practice that almost every modern American church currently follows. Outside of a church however, many Americans have strayed away from this interactive musical experience. Although many Americans participated in a chorus or band while in school, the majority of society has slowly become removed from these musical participation groups as they exit school and grow older. We will write a custom essay sample on The Impact of Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As we grow older and music is no longer a part of an everyday class, it is often only accessible by taking specific lessons at specific times with a specialist.We do not want to give our children the impression that only a ewe can participate in music (Jones, 44). Before the invention of the telephone, many families would gather together and create music as their main form of entertainment. Grandparents can tell stories of the entire family gathering around to listen to each other practice the piano or to listen to large groups singing songs together at parties. Although our society has changed how it values music, it is certainly worth evaluating the role music should play in the raising of children and the benefits it has when used in an educational setting.Music used to be a main focus of families and schools, and it would e ignorant to change such a trend that had such a positive effect. The Mozart effect, according to Roberta Horseshoes in her article titled Debating the Mozart Theory, is the theory that classical music makes the brain work better (1 Neuroscience continue to search for reasons why the mental and physical components required for the arts are so fundamental to brain function (Souse, 1). It is only logical that the earlier we implement the ideas of music and art into children, the more developed they will become.Warren Puffer Jones, in his article Music, The Brain, and Education, put it this way: Just as a child can become bilingual, children can become fluent in many styles of music if they hear enough different styles e arly on (4). The physiological growth of the early years of the brain is much stronger, so artsy activities that children naturally do such as singing, drawing, and dancing have a more dramatic effect on the childs brain development than in an adults brain. These activities engage all the senses and wire the brain for successful learning (Souse, 2). When children start school, these activities need to continue so as to continue the development their brain is undergoing. As children partake in such activities, the brain areas are developed. Souse also stated that, The arts are not just expressive and affective, they are deeply cognitive (2). However, we cannot simply play music to children without wanting to see the results. A very clear display of this enhanced brain development can be seen with piano lessons. The link between piano lessons and spatial-temporal skills has been researched for years.Frances Attaches, of the University of Wisconsin at Oshkosh, showed that preschoolers who were given piano lessons once a week scored 34 recent higher on tests designed to measure such skills than classmates who received no music lessons (Barack, 1). Souse, in his research, found similar results when studying low socioeconomic students in California who took music lessons from eighth grade through twelfth grade. These students test scores more than doubled in mathematics, while their history and geography scores increased by forty percent (Souse, 5).The statistical link between music trainings and its effects on students performance should be mirrored in our education system. Why could it be that piano lessons have such a positive effect on other academic areas? Elementary music teacher Alison Marker Garner wrote the article Music For the Very Young to describe her unique teaching method known as the Suzuki Method. Her process of teaching her classroom involves the students participating in different activities where the child listens, repeats, and memorizes motions and sounds based on his or her surroundings (1). This method reflects how we as humans at a young age learn new activities. The example she used was a baby girl who hears her mother speak and attempts to imitate the sounds she hears (Marker, 2). Students relate quickly to this process when learning their musical instruments and carry this principle into their other classrooms. It can be rather simple for teachers to use the Suzuki Method within their classrooms. Teachers can use small inserts of singing within their different lessons to help students to learn different styles and concepts.A man in his thirties might still be able to list all fifty American states because of the catchy jingle his teacher taught him when he was young. When breaking out in song, teachers should not worry about the quality of his or her voice, but rather realize and monster that music is available to everyone (Jones, 45). Along with young age development of the brain, music within the education process of our high school students also has been shown to advance students academically. Although most students Stop playing a musical instrument when they reach high school, the memory benefits of musical training were long lasting. Students who dropped out of the music training groups, tested a year later, found to retain the verbal memory advantage they had gained earlier (Souse, 4). Scenically. Com found the same to be true, Music is positively associated with academic achievement, especially during the high school years (Souse, 4). At an age where focus and direction become increasingly important, music can be a tool to help better prepare teenagers for their next stage in life. Perhaps our society should become a stronger advocate of the different arts programs. Music engages the areas of the brain involved with paying attention, making predictions and updating the event in memory (Music moves Brain to Pay Attention, Anonymous). Students are not the only ones who can benefit from music. A program at a Bloomington, Indiana urging home called Sundering uses a combination of music and babies to stimulate seniors (Swishes, 2). The idea is for local parents to bring their toddlers into the nursing home to sing, dance and engage in different activities with the residents.Some of the benefits to the seniors who participate are as follows: memory stimulation, increased physical activity, social connection, improved mood and improved health (Swishes, 3-4). The idea that music could not only improve the lifestyles of the elderly but also stimulate their brain could drastically change the way many senior-living moms design their activities. With so much work to do, making music is one of the best workouts a brain can get (Puffer, 42). One can clearly see the powerful affects music can have on every age.Why is it then that music programs continue to be cut due to budget limitations? As our government further deepens the debt deficit for the country, education systems are forc ed to reevaluate where they spend their money. A school district in Tallahassee, Florida is faced with theses issues year after year. Discouraged at the thought of their children losing elective options, seventeen parents ended together to address the concerns with the budget. The district is facing a six percent cut on top of the four percent cut they already endured the prior year (Bushes, 1).Though high schools seem to receive positive feedback and high financial support in programs such as band, choir and dance, elementary schools tend to not receive the same financial support. When school budgets get tight, elementary-level art and music programs are among the first to be reduced or eliminated (Souse, 1). New studies are emerging everyday on the positive effects that music has on children; this loud help to factually promote why elementary schools should keep their arts programs. If musses beauty and mystery fail to impress cost-conscious school boards, the thinking goes, then proving Its ancillary benefits might save musi c programs from the budgetary ax (Horseshoes, 1). Music is shown to be beneficial to students in four major categories: success in society, success in school, success in developing intelligence and success in life (Petrels, 1). Why is it then that music is always the first to go? Petrels makes the very clear statement that music programs are always hit the ardent; therefore we must promote, explain and act to get music to all our students. Different programs and social promotions on social networking sites such as Backbone have helped to raise awareness for this cause. The Power Chord Academy, The National Association for Music Education, Project Zero and Music Intelligence Neural Development are just a few specific programs that strive to expose every individual to the benefits of music. If music is a window to a higher brain function (Barack, 1), then this societys focus should consist of exposing children to music at a very young age.The exposure should not stop at grade-school level, but should continue for each individual on some level that suits their talents and abilities up through their elderly age (Barack, 1). Even lower sociological families can afford to sing around the house with their children. Families who find practical ways to challenge each other creatively will enjoy a personal experience and will benefit developmentally as well. It is clear that there are many ways one can interact with music personally and socially. Musical exposure not only increases brain development, but also correlates with higher grades and deter social interactions with students.

People Attitude about Green Computing

People Attitude about Green Computing According to OECD (2006), the demand for information technology keeps rising every day. Information technology is termed as the driver of business activities in economies. Business information technology tools are needed to enhance business operations in different organizations.Advertising We will write a custom thesis sample on People Attitude about Green Computing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The rise in demand for information technology products causes firms to invest hence producing information technology tools to help in meeting the demand in the market. Technology keeps changing at a fast pace. What is considered to be an efficient technology today maybe be seen as an archaic technology within a short span of time. This necessitates a continuous process of inventing information technology products. Several generations of information technology products have been developed since the beginning of the 20th century (Information Resources Management Association Khosrowpour, 2001). The 21st century has seen another revolution in the information technology infrastructure. New information technology products keep entering the market (Cerasale Stone, 2004). Yoshida (2010) observed that different types of materials are used in the manufacture of information technology devices. Materials used for manufacturing these products and the manner in which they are used have an enormous impact on the environment (Kuehr Williams, 2003). Information and communication tools are listed among the notable green gas emitters. This is because of the high number of such products which exist in the global market (Smith, 2009). The impacts of information technology products on the environment have been categorized into three groups. These include the first order impacts, second order and third order effects. The first category is composed of the direct effects of the information technology products on the environment. The effect s range from the stage of manufacturing down to the stage of consumption. The second order effects are indirect. They develop from the first order effects. Third effects come as a result of the continued demand for information technology in the global economy (Houghton, 2003). The use of green computers is a trending subject. There is widespread advocacy for the enhancement of the use of green technology. Green computers are effective in maintaining a green environment through the use of environmental friendly materials. Australia falls among the industrialized countries of the world. Therefore, the demand for information and communication technology is accelerating (Houghton, 2003).Advertising Looking for thesis on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Many people keep using computers and related devices without considering their effects to the environment. A survey of Australian universities shows that a high number of students use computers. However, most of them are not familiar with the risks that are posed during the use and disposal of the computers. This is also reflected in other places like offices and institutions where computers are used (Australian Government, 2007; Landwehr, 2005). Houghton, Steele Henty (2003) observed that computers are listed among products that emit green gases to the environment. Computers also account for a high percentage of energy consumption in the world. Approximately, 90% of Australians use computers in offices and at home (John, 2006). Sustainable use of computers is considered as one of the preferred mechanisms of minimizing the effects of information technology on the environment (Friedewald Raabe, 2011). Effective disposal of computers and computer parts that utilize environmentally hazardous substances is given as an option for sustainable use of computers. Several policy guidelines on safe disposal and recycling of computers are bein g developed. Computing devices, which use less energy, have been introduced in the market (Deng Williams 2008). Studies about computer use in the United States show that computers are part and parcel of human life. They aid in the accomplishment of a wide range of tasks. Computers are seen as part of human life. This means that people cannot work well without the support of computers. Computers are found in all forms of organizations, in the United States. Computers are widely found among all population groups. The United States has been in the limelight for a long time for failing to lead the way in the conservation of the environment. The country leads in terms of the wide use of computers and other information technology devices.Advertising We will write a custom thesis sample on People Attitude about Green Computing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, pressure has piled, forcing the country to adopt environmental protectio n certifications. The concern for the environment in the United States has shown commendable growth. Most Americans understand the human and environmental dangers that come with the use of computers. They understand the market and the need to purchase computers that adhere to the codes of sustainable environment (Seitz, 2011). Hong Kong is among the countries that are undergoing economic transformation. The demand for information technology in the country is growing. Green computing in Hong Kong is a dominant subject among the consumers of information technology. Companies are busy setting up information and communication technology. This has increased the demand for computers in Hong Kong. Information technology experts embrace the concept of green computing. This is based on the concerns that are raised by the people of Hong Kong. Green computing technology is attained through three approaches. These include social responsibility, environmental protection, and economic progress (C how Chen, 2009). References Australian Government. (2007). Managing the environmental impact of information and communications technology (ICT). Sydney: Australian Government Press. Cerasale, M. V., Stone, M. (2004). Business solutions on demand: Transform the business to deliver real customer value. London: Kogan Page. Chow, W. S., Chen, Y. (2009). Intended Belief and Actual Behavior in green computing in Hong Kong. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 50(2), 136-141. Deng, L., Williams, E. (2008). Measures and trends in energy use of semiconductor manufacturing. Web.Advertising Looking for thesis on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Friedewald, M. Raabe, O. (2011). Ubiquitous computing: An overview of technology impacts. Telematics and Informatics, 28(2), 55-65. Houghton, J. W. (2003). Australian ICT Industries Update 2003, Australian Computer Society and Victoria University, April 2003. Web. Houghton, J. W., Steele, C., Henty, M. (2003). Changing Research Practices in the Digital Information and Communication Environment. Department of Education, Science and Training: Canberra. Information Resources Management Association., Khosrowpour, M. (2001). Managing information technology in a global environment. Hershey, PA: Idea Group Publishing. John, W. H. (2006). Innovation in ICT: A changing landscape. Telecommunications Journal of Australia, 56(2), 1-6. Kuehr, R., Williams, E. (2003). Computers and the environment: understanding and managing their impacts. Kluwer: Dordrecht. Landwehr, C. E. (2005). Green Computing. Security Privacy Magazine, 3(6), 3-3. OECD. (2006). Information and Communications Technology Outlook 2006. OECD: Paris. Seitz, V. (2011). Attitudes Toward Green Computing In The US: Can They Change? Web. Smith, T. (2009). Challenging the chip: from cleanup to sustainability. 9th Asia-Pacific NGO Environmental Conference (APNEC 9), 20–21 November. Kyoto: Japan. Yoshida, F. (2010). Information and communication technology and environmental issues. Environmental Economics and Policy Studies, 12 (3), 133-138.

How to Implement a Guest Blogging Process with Jess Ostroff [PODCAST]

How to Implement a Guest Blogging Process with Jess Ostroff [PODCAST] You probably already know all of the benefits of writing guest posts on other people’s blogs, but have you considered having guests post on your blog? Some of the benefits you might enjoy include increased publishing frequency, more efficiency and consistency, higher ranking for your keywords, and a better sense of credibility and trust among your readers. Best of all, this move can help you convert more customers. Today, our guest is Jess Ostroff, the CEO of Don’t Panic Management, which she describes as a â€Å"virtual assistant agency on steroids.† She is also the managing editor at Convince Convert, which publishes a lot of content from guest writers. She is talking to us about how to become a content management mastermind when it comes to hosting guest bloggers on your website. Powered by PodcastMotor Actionable Content Marketing powered by By 00:00/00:00 1x 100 > Download file Subscribe on iTunes Leave Review Share Some of the topics we’ll talk about today include: What Jess does at Don’t Panic Management in her role as Director of Calm and as editor of Convince Convert. How a marketer can attract the best guest bloggers in their industry and how to prove to potential bloggers that your site is worth writing for. The writing requirements that are most helpful to be sure you get the quality you want out of your guest blog posts. The best way to manage the pitch-acceptance process. Suggested tools and strategies to make the guest-blogging process as efficient and successful as possible, from pitch to final editing and eventual promotion. The one major thing you should keep in mind if you are hoping to build a guest-blogging relationship with someone.

ARO Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ARO - Assignment Example Ebola cuts across nearly all the mutual commitments of global health, medicine, and science anthropologists. This is because the tragedy exposed the political economy of illness and health, demonstrates how the movement of technology and science ceases or flows, and exposes the drawbacks of thrilling solutions to structural issues (Abromowitz, 2014). Additionally, Ebola emergency brings to light the outcomes of health with regard to reconfigured social relations created by the development and health regimes of governance. Ebola also tragically emphasizes racialized reasoning that determines the lives that count. As anthropologists, action-centered attitude is fundamental during such emergencies, since such approach would improve ethnographic expertise response in the affected nations. In order to improve the current situation of Ebola in West Africa today, Abromowitz (2014) suggested several things that anthropologists can use to connect the local and global populations in understanding the crisis. First, anthropologists can train epidemiologists on death counting in this region. This would work well in closing the gap between actual deaths and counted Ebola deaths, thus offering crucial information on movement, patterning, and expansion of the tragedy. Additionally, community anthropologists can observe the Ebola response systematically and report on, interpret, and explain existing local approaches. This will make it possible to make sense of local concepts and ideas, behaviors, and beliefs and suggests ways that are actionable. Given the noise around Ebola, anthropologists are expected to detect and track emerging risks amidst Ebola noise such as black market flows. Within the affected areas, anthropologists can hold multidisciplinary university based groups t o assist in real time tracking of the disease (Abromowitz, 2014). The role of such groups would be to evaluate the political,

The Importance of Analysis and Analytical Skills to the Manager Making Essay

The Importance of Analysis and Analytical Skills to the Manager Making Decisions in Business - Essay Example Specifically, the study evaluates the structured analytical approach to problems solving and discusses the concept of decision making. This is then followed by a critical analysis of three types of management decision making methods; project plan, financial modeling and diagrammatic representation. These methods are then discussed together in relation to management, before arriving at a conclusion on the study. Structured Analytical Approach to Problem Solving Management in the business world often presents with complex problems that call on managers to develop better approaches to problem solutions. Bonem (2011, p. 1-2) discusses the need for the structured analytical approach to solving problems, explaining that the aging and retiring of the baby boomer (or elderly) generation of workers takes away the invaluable experience needed in decision making. Thus, the author argues that the present managerial aspects of businesses need to adopt a structured analytical approach that will co unter the complexity of organisational problems and the lack of experiential knowledge. The structured analytical approach involves a cyclical multi-stage approach to decision making. Proctor (2010, p. 273) argues that the structured approach involves a number of discernible activities at each stage in the cycle; objective finding, fact finding, idea finding, problem finding, solution finding and acceptance finding. Cooke and Slack (1991) provide for a decentralised approach to executing the cyclic stages. This involves one or more individuals executing the component tasks of decision analysis which include administration, evaluation and implementation. The tow scholars present a normative cyclic approach consisting of 8 stages that involve recognition of the problem, objective setting, understanding the problem, determination of the options available, evaluation of the options established, selecting the most appropriate and effective option, implementation of the solution and monit oring. The structured analytical approach to problem solving as discussed above is a formidable approach to a business context as it addresses the root causes of the problem, identifies and assesses all possible strategic options and settles on the best. It also provides for monitoring, and the cyclic nature allows for awareness and readiness to face organisational problems and challenges which helps to avoid impetuous decision making. However, the approach is idealistic and requires being adapted to the specific context of the business environment (Cooke and Slack 1991). Thus, a manager should manipulate/customise it to suit the specificity in the environment and problem. The Concept of Managerial Decision Making Wang (2010, pp. 28-33) states that decision making is the process of choosing the best alternative to achieve goals in light of finite resources. The author argues that the concept of decision making cannot be divorced from resource allocation and the process of execution as these are dependent on sound decisions for success. Decision making is closely interrelated with problem solving, which Reza and Fahimi (2003, p. 2) define as the process of identifying and filling gaps on a desired and an actual organisational state. The authors relate decision making and structured problem solving, explaining that decision mak

Hsbc Case Essay Example for Free

Hsbc Case Essay HSBC is known as the â€Å"World’s local bank†. Originally called the HongKong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited, HSBC was established in 1865 to finance the growing trade between China and the United Kingdom. HSBC is now the second largest bank in the world, serving 100 million customers through 9,500 branches in 79 countries. The company is organized by business line (personal financial services; customer finance; commercial banking; corporate investment banking and markets; private banking), as well as by goegraphic segment (Asia-Pacific, U. K. /Eurozone, North America/NAFTA, South America, Middle East). Despite operating in 79 different countries, the bank works hard to maintain a local feel and local knowledge in each area. HSBC’s fundamental operating strategy is to remain close to its customers. As HSBC chairman Sir John Bond said in November 2003, â€Å"Our position as the world’s local bank enables us to approach each country uniquely, blending local knowledge with a worldwide operating platform†. For example, consider HSBC’s local marketing efforts in New York City. To prove to jaded New Yorkers that the London-based financial behemoth was â€Å"the world’s local bank. HSBC held a â€Å"New York City’s Most knowledgeable Cabbie† contest. The winning cabbie gets paid to drive full-time for HSBC for the year, and HSBC customers win, too. Any customer showing an HSBC bankcard, checkbook, or bank statement can get a free ride in the HSBC-branded Bankcab. The campaign demonstrates HSBC’s local knowledge. â€Å"In order to ma ke New Yorkers believe you’re local, you have to act local,† said Renegade Marketing Group’s CEO Drew Neisser. Across the world in Hong Kong, HSBC undertook a different campaign. In the region hit hard by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak, HSBC launched a program to revitalize the local economy. HSBC â€Å"plowed back interest payments† to customers who worked in industries most affected by SARS (cinemas, hotels, restaurants, and travel agencies). The program eased its customers financial burden. The bank also promoted Hong Kong’s commercial sector by offering discounts and rebates for customers who use an HSBC credit card when shopping and dining out, to help businesses affected by the downturn. More than 1,500 local merchants participated in the promotion. In addition to local marketing, HSBC does niche marketing. For example, it found a little-known product area that was growing at 125 percent a year : pet insurance. In December 2003 it announced that it will distribute nationwide per insurance through its HSBC Insurance agency, making the insurance available to its depositors. HSBC also segments demographically. In the United states, the Bank will target the immigrant population, particularly Hispanics, now that it has acquired Bital in Mexico, where many migrants to the United States deposit money. Overall, the bank has been consciously pulling together its worldwide business under a single global brand with the â€Å"World’s local bank† slogan. The aim is to link its international size with close relationships in each of the countries in which it operates. The company spends $600 million annually on global marketing and will likely consolidate and use fewer ad agencies. HSBC will decide who gets the account by giving each agency a â€Å"brand-strategy exercise. † Agencies will be vying for the account by improving on HSBC’s number 37 global brand ranking

Jealousy, the Monster in Shakespeares Othello :: Othello essays

The Monster in Othello      Ã‚   This essay is about William Shakespeare's Othello.   It focuses on Iago's words to Othello, "O, beware, my lord, of Jealousy.   It is the green-eyed monster." in act 3, scene 3 and just how important this warning was not only for Othello, but also for Roderigo and for Iago.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Before considering the importance of Iago's words, it is important to define what jealousy means.   According to The New Lexicon Webster's Encylopedic Dictionary of the English Language, "jealousy is a state of fear, suspicion, revenge   or envy caused by a real or imagined threat or challenge to one's possessive instincts.   It may be provoked by rivalry, in sexual love, by competition or by desires for the qualities or possessions of another."      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Roderigo is foolish and even at times unusually feeble-minded.   This explained partially by Roderigo's jealousy:   he is infatuated with Desdemona and has been for some time.   He is willing to do anything to win her love.   He is jealous that Desdemona loves Othello and not him.   In accordance with the definition of jealousy, Roderigo desires the possessions of another.   It is this jealousy which moves him to do many evil things in the play.   He pays Iago large amounts of money to conjure up a scheme to acquire Desdemona.   He gives in to Iago at the beginning of the play.   In effect he has become the villian's disciple.   By doing this, he himself has adopted the green-eyed monster image. In act two, he is prompted by Iago to cause a commotion and begin a fight with Cassio.   Later in act four, scene two, Roderigo is convinced by Iago to kill Cassio.   In act five, scene one, Roderigo attempts to kill Cassio but only manages to wound him.   At the same time Cassio wounds Roderigo.   Iago (who was watching this fight) leaves only to re-enter later and kill Roderigo. Roderigo's jealousy brought upon his downfall.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Most people do not think of jealousy as Iago's downfall, but in essence, jealousy has many negative effects on Iago.   By using Iago, Shakespeare has shown just how powerful jealousy really is.   Iago is cunning, crafty, intellectual and   intelligent.   Despite seeming to be impermeable to negative emotions such as jealousy, the exact opposite seems to happen.

Financial Crisis and Brazil Essay

The economic crisis that has swept the world since 2008 has wrought havoc in national economies all over the world. As a group, one of the more particularly hard-hit groups of nations has been the Latin American countries of Central and South America. One notable exception to this trend appeared to be the nation of Brazil. The gloomy projections appeared not to apply to Brazil. According to Mauricio Cardenas of the Brooking institute: This doom and gloom has not infected Brazil, however, where President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva is showing unprecedented self-assurance. Speaking in Madrid, Lula said somewhat rhetorically that â€Å"this idea that markets can do everything is over,† and more fundamentally â€Å"The times in which emerging countries depended on the IMF are over. † This is not Hugo Chavez speaking, but the president of Latin America’s largest economy, who enjoys 80 percent popularity in his country. (Cardenas, 2008) Although Brazil weathered the early months of the financial crisis better than its Latin American neighbors, the longer the crisis has continued, the more the Brazilian economy has weakened. One of the factors that prevented an immediate collapse of the Brazilian Economy in the wake of the 2008 Crisis was the relative lack of foreign banks in the country. (Cardenas, 2008) Unlike many Latin American nations that have a high percentage of foreign banks (i. e. Mexico: 80% foreign banks), Brazil has only 30% foreign banks. (Cardenas, 2008) In the short term, this allowed Brazil to assume that a contraction in foreign lending would not have as deep an impact on their economy than that of other nations. Brazilian banks, in times of previous economic prosperity, had built reserves, rather than engaging in profligate loaning, leading to the hopes that these reserves were sufficient against the day that foreign banks severely restricted credit. (Cardenas, 2008) By September of 2008, this theory seemed to erode in the face of certain economic indicators. The Bovespa index, a market indicator similar to the Dow Jones industrial Average, lost half of its value from May to September of 2008. (Cardenas, 2008) 10% of that drop occurred in the second half of September. More strikingly, the value of Brazil’s currency, the Real, fell 32% against other world currencies. (Cardenas, 2008) These factors show that Brazil may still be prone to suffer in the economic crisis. Other analysts, such as John Williamson of the Peterson Institution of international Economics, have been less sanguine about the prospects of Brazil’s economy. Wiliamson stated: Moreover, the markets decided that while many of the emerging economies might no longer have any need for an inflow of loans, many (like Brazil) are still significant net debtors to the rest of the world and therefore still vulnerable to a sudden withdrawal of foreign credit. Compounding this is the fact that one may have a balanced overall position and still be vulnerable because debts are concentrated at short maturities. Hence one read, for example, of the Bovespa index falling by over 10 percent in a day (it has cumulatively halved in value since the peak in May). Likewise, the real has fallen by a cumulative 32 percent in the past month. The markets clearly do not believe that Brazil has been made invulnerable†¦ (Williamson, 2008) The world market contraction has had a significant effect on Brazil’s foreign trade. (Williamson, 2008) The export economy has relied upon raw materials for 50% of exports, and the prices of these materials have dropped dramatically in the face of world-wide declines in demand. (Williamson, 2008) The other half of Brazil’s exports, differentiated manufactured goods have also decreased in the face of reduced demand. Ironically, the weakness of the real against foreign currencies has softened the negative effect of these factors. (Williamson, 2008) The soft real will inspire increased purchase of manufactured goods from Brazil. This will soften, but not eliminate, the negative effects of low demand. The decrease in foreign capital that these commodity price decreases have reflected, will rapidly eat through Brazil’s trade surplus, and put strain on lending institutions in Brazil. (Williamson, 2008) The future of Brazil’s economy has been reported with varying degrees of optimism. The GDP of Brazil is projected to contract anywhere from 1. 5 to 20% in 2009 after growing 5% in 2008. (Williamson, 2008) An increase in the shift of agricultural exports to China has also contributed to the overall positive projections of the Brazilian economy. (Xinhua, 2009) The increase from March of 2008 (8. 5%) to March of 2009 (12. 5%) amounts of agricultural exports to China reflect this phenomenon. (Xinhua, 2009) The president of Brazil claims that the crisis has passed, and that Brazil has weathered the worst part of the economic crisis of 2008. (Xinhua, 2009) The longevity of the world-wide recession will determine if this is in fact a true prediction. (Xinhua, 2009) Brazil weathered the economic crisis of 2008 comparatively well, but suffered great financial repercussions late in the year. The economy seems to be in a stage of recovery, but its continued well being will rely on the recovery of other nations that control lending power and demand for Brazil’s exports. Work Cited Cardenas, M. (2008) â€Å"Global Financial Crisis: Is Brazil a Bystander? † Retrieved June 4th, 2009 from Brookings Institution website: http://www. brookings. edu/opinions/2008/1015_financial_crisis_cardenas. aspx Williamson, J. (2008) â€Å"The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on Brazil† Retrieved June 4th, 2009 from Peterson Institution of international Economics website: http://www. iie. com/publications/papers/williamson1008. pdf Xinhua (2009) â€Å"Brazil’s agricultural exports to China up 52. 5 percent in March† Retrieved June 4th 2009 from China’s people’s Daily website: http://english. people. com. cn/90001/90778/90857/90861/6634356. html

Merchant of Venice Essay

A rich Jewish moneylender, Shylock is the villain of The Merchant of Venice in that the problem he initiates causes great concern in the community of the city. He insists that Antonio keep his bond and extract a pound of flesh since he has failed to make the three thousand ducats Shylock has loaned to Bassanio on Antonio’s word. When they go to court the duke insists that the charges must be drop, but Shylock will not tolerate it. Antonio is a merchant in Venice. When Bassanio asks him for money to impress Portia, Antonio wants to give it to him but cannot because all of his money is tied up in goods that are being transported by ship to ports where they will be sold. Out of kindness to Bassanio, he agrees to secure any loan Bassanio might get in the marketplace. Bassanio requests that loan from Shylock, a moneylender with whom Antonio is not on the best of terms. Antonio has criticized Shylock for usury, and Shylock, in turn, resents Antonio’s generosity in loaning money out at no†¦ Portia is a wealthy heiress from Belmont grieving over her father’s death and bond over the inherence. When Portia is introduced in the play Bassanio is struck by her beauty and does anything to be with her, but the only way to do that is to choose a casket. Among the three suitors her true love is bassanio.

Free Essays on Professional Orientation

Professional Orientation to Counseling According to Vacc and Loesch there is no quick and easy way to define or explain the term ‘counseling’, rather they consider the activity of mental health counseling complex, consisting of a number of assumptions. Counselors require a myriad of ‘helping skills’ from what are referred to as intentional and unintentional helping skills. Counselors can use and draw upon helping skills and therapeutic constructs to strengthen and refine their counseling skills. In chapter 4, Helping Skills are elaborated on and described to assist the new counselor. Skills of this nature are useful in all forms of counseling; I found chapter seven, Working with Groups to be interesting and could easily understand how a counselor using ‘helping skills’ could quite effectively facilitate group sessions. Chapter 9, focused on Assessment and Appraisal – again another very interesting topic. Understanding the need for assessments is critical for the new counselor. Assessments are not meant to be used alone, but in conjunction with other counseling methods, which can assist the counselor to understand the needs of the client while being able to choose appropriate counseling techniques. Research in professional counseling was not something I expected to come across at great length, but according to Vacc and Loesch, it is extremely important for counselors. Heppner, Kivlighan, and Wampold (1998) stated that as professionals we have a responsibility to not only promote wellness with our clients, but to stay abreast of human nature and the field of counseling. Traditional research methodology is not necessarily the preferred method of research for professional counselors. It seems that the ‘single-subject’ design is more beneficial in measuring and demonstrating the effectiveness of counseling. The elements of single-subject research are based on measuring change, connecting the change to a charac... Free Essays on Professional Orientation Free Essays on Professional Orientation Professional Orientation to Counseling According to Vacc and Loesch there is no quick and easy way to define or explain the term ‘counseling’, rather they consider the activity of mental health counseling complex, consisting of a number of assumptions. Counselors require a myriad of ‘helping skills’ from what are referred to as intentional and unintentional helping skills. Counselors can use and draw upon helping skills and therapeutic constructs to strengthen and refine their counseling skills. In chapter 4, Helping Skills are elaborated on and described to assist the new counselor. Skills of this nature are useful in all forms of counseling; I found chapter seven, Working with Groups to be interesting and could easily understand how a counselor using ‘helping skills’ could quite effectively facilitate group sessions. Chapter 9, focused on Assessment and Appraisal – again another very interesting topic. Understanding the need for assessments is critical for the new counselor. Assessments are not meant to be used alone, but in conjunction with other counseling methods, which can assist the counselor to understand the needs of the client while being able to choose appropriate counseling techniques. Research in professional counseling was not something I expected to come across at great length, but according to Vacc and Loesch, it is extremely important for counselors. Heppner, Kivlighan, and Wampold (1998) stated that as professionals we have a responsibility to not only promote wellness with our clients, but to stay abreast of human nature and the field of counseling. Traditional research methodology is not necessarily the preferred method of research for professional counselors. It seems that the ‘single-subject’ design is more beneficial in measuring and demonstrating the effectiveness of counseling. The elements of single-subject research are based on measuring change, connecting the change to a charac...

Llama Facts

Llama Facts The llama (Lama glama) is a large, furry mammal that was domesticated in South America thousands of years ago for meat, fur, and as pack animal. Although related to camels, llamas dont have humps. Llamas are close relatives of alpacas, vicuà ±as, and guanacos. Although they are all different species, a group of llamas, alpacas, guanacos, and vicuà ±as may be called lamoids or simply llamas. Fast Facts: Llama Scientific Name: Lama glamaCommon Name: LlamaBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 5 feet 7 inches - 5 feet 11 inchesWeight: 290-440 poundsLifespan: 15-25 yearsDiet: HerbivoreHabitat: From the Andes Mountains of South AmericaPopulation: MillionsConservation Status: Not evaluated (domestic animal) Description Llamas and other lamoids have cloven feet, short tails, and long necks. A llama has long banana-shaped ears and a cleft upper lip. Mature llamas have modified canine and incisor teeth called fighting teeth or fangs. Generally, these teeth are removed from intact males, as they can injure other males during fights for dominance. Llamas occur in many colors, including white, black, brown, tan, gray, and piebald. The fur may be short-coated (Ccara) or medium-coated (Curaca). Adults range from 5 feet 7 inches to 5 feet 11 inches in height and weigh between 290 and 440 pounds. Habitat and Distribution Llamas were domesticated in Peru around 4,000 to 5,000 years ago from wild guanacos. However, the animals actually came from North America and moved to South America following the Ice Age. Today, llamas are raised all over the world. Several million live in the Americas, Europe, and Australia. Llamas and alpacas resulted from domestication of guanacos and vicunas in the Andes. Diet Llamas are herbivores that graze on a wide variety of plants. They typically eat corn, alfalfa, and grass. Although llamas regurgitate and re-chew food like sheep and cattle, they have a three-compartment stomach and are not ruminants. The llama has a very long large intestine that allows it to digest cellulose-rich plants and also survive on much less water than most mammals. Behavior Llamas are herd animals. Except for dominance disputes, they dont usually bite. They spit, wrestle, and kick to establish social rank and fight off predators. Llamas are intelligent and easily halter-trained. They can carry between 25% and 30% of their weight for a distance of 5 to 8 miles. Reproduction and Offspring Unlike most large animals, llamas are induced ovulators. That is, they ovulate as a result of mating rather than going into estrus or heat. Llamas mate lying down. Gestation lasts 350 days (11.5 months) and results in a single newborn, which is called a cria. Crias stand, walk, and nurse within an hour after birth. Llama tongues dont reach far enough outside their mouths for the mother to lick her young dry, so llamas have evolved to give birth in warm daylight hours. Female llamas become sexually mature at one year of age. Males mature later, around three years of age. Llamas usually live 15 to 25 years, but some live 30 years. A male dromedary camel and female llama can produce a hybrid known as a cama. Due to the size difference between camels and llamas, camas only result from artificial insemination. A llama and her cria. Jonne Seijdel, Getty Images Conservation Status Because they are domesticated animals, llamas do not have a conservation status. The wild ancestor of the llama, the guanaco (Lama guanicoe), is classified as least concern by the IUCN. There are over a million guanacos and their population size is increasing. Llamas and Humans In the pre-Incan and Incan cultures, llamas were used as pack animals, for meat, and for fiber. Their fur is soft, warm, and lanolin-free. Llama dung was an important fertilizer. In modern society, llamas are still raised for all of these reasons, plus they are valuable guard animals for sheep and goats. Llamas bond with livestock and help protect lambs from coyotes, feral dogs, and other predators. How to Tell Llamas and Alpacas Apart While both llamas and alpacas may be grouped as llamas, they are separate camelid species. Llamas are larger than alpacas and occur in more colors. A llamas face is more elongated and its ears are larger and banana-shaped. Alpacas have flatter faces and smaller, straight ears. Sources Birutta, Gale. A Guide to Raising Llamas. 1997. ISBN 0-88266-954-0.Kurtà ©n, Bjà ¶rn and Elaine Anderson. Pleistocene Mammals of North America. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 307, 1980. ISBN 0231037333.Perry, Roger. Wonders of Llamas. Dodd, Mead Company. p. 7, 1977. ISBN 0-396-07460-X.Walker, Cameron. Guard Llamas Keep Sheep Safe From Coyotes. National Geographic. June 10, 2003.Wheeler, Dr Jane; Miranda Kadwell; Matilde Fernandez; Helen F. Stanley; Ricardo Baldi; Raul Rosadio; Michael W. Bruford. Genetic analysis reveals the wild ancestors of the llama and the alpaca. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 268 (1485): 2575–2584, 2001. doi:10.1098/rspb.2001.1774

Personal experience with mental illness and treatment Essay

Personal experience with mental illness and treatment - Essay Example As a young baby, he seldom played with any of us, and preferred to play with his toys. None of us thought anything of it. When he turned 3, and still didn’t utter a single word, our parents became concerned and consulted a few doctors and psychotherapists. Initially my brother was misdiagnosed with Down’s syndrome. A chromosomal disorder, in which individuals range from mild to profoundly mentally disabled. His speech therapy started when he was 3 years old with minimum results and no results whatsoever in trying to get him to socialize with other children. Our parents thought the doctors were not doing their job properly and kept changing schools and doctors, speech therapists and other professionals. People who came in contact with my brother did not realize he had some sort of disability till they tried to interact with him. After which they tried to socialize but getting no response from my brother, left him alone. We continued to treat him according to what the doctor initially diagnosed as Down’s syndrome, not understanding why he wouldn’t talk and why he wouldn’t socialize. It is characteristic of a Down’s syndrome child to be friendly, and have some form of speech, where as my brother had very limited, 2-3 word sentence speech and hardly any friends. He was most friendly with his nanny and both me and my elder sister, and managed to communicate with us. Mostly the speech therapy sessions were very discouraging and had no results to show. My brother refused to interact with the therapist and every kind of therapy he tried, ended in vain. On a conference on autism and its types, I went through the symptoms of ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder) and realized my brother did not have Down’s syndrome, but Autism. This explained all his primary behaviors, which were all characteristic of ASD, such as not having developed